Table 3. Metabolic parameters at baseline and 6 month followup in 3 comparator groups.
| EMPOWIR diet and Placebo (D) | EMPOWIR diet and Metformin (MR) | EMPOWIR diet and Metformin plus Rosiglitazone (MR) | ||||||||||
| Baseline | 6 months | Mean difference | P value* | Baseline | 6 months | Mean difference | P value* | Baseline | 6 months | Mean difference | P value* | |
| Parameters | ||||||||||||
| Weight (kg) | 84.1(2.8) | 80.0(2.7) | –4.1 | .049 | 85.1(2.4) | 80.4(2.1) | –4.7 | .002 | 81.8(3.2) | 77.5(4.0) | –4.3 | .032 |
| Waist (cm) | 97.5(2.3) | 93.1(2.1) | –4.4 | .052 | 92.9(1.8) | 90.4(1.9) | –2.5 | .143 | 93.1(2.1) | 87.5(3.2) | –5.6 | .005 |
| SystolicBP (mm Hg) | 117.5(2.9) | 113.8(2.9) | –3.6 | .265 | 114.3(3.4) | 107.2(3.0) | –7.2 | .001 | 118.7(6.0) | 114.2(4.7) | –4.5 | .389 |
| DiastolicBP (mmHg) | 75.9(2.6) | 71.7(2.3) | –4.2 | .025 | 75.3(2.0) | 72.7(2.3) | –2.5 | .162 | 76.9(4.2) | 74.3(3.8) | –2.6 | .562 |
| Fastingglucose (mg/dl) | 88.8(1.3) | 84.9(2.2) | –3.8 | .150 | 89.9(2.3) | 84.0(1.8) | –5.9 | .034 | 83.9(2.4) | 80.8(1.4) | –3.1 | .308 |
| Fastinginsulin (µU/ml) | 11.2(1.4) | 8.1(1.3) | –3.1 | .181 | 12.5(2.0) | 8.0(1.2) | –4.5 | .026 | 8.7(1.5) | 6.3(0.9) | –2.4 | .063 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.4(0.1) | 5.3(0.1) | –0.1 | .309 | 5.4(0.1) | 5.3(0.1) | 0 | .631 | 5.4(0.1) | 5.4(0.1) | 0 | .645 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.3(0.2) | 1.5(0.1) | –0.8 | .142 | 2.5(0.4) | 1.6(0.3) | –0.9 | .054 | 1.9(0.3) | 1.3(0.2) | –0.6 | .013 |
| Totalcholesterol(mg/dl) | 176.0(5.3) | 183.6(7.0) | 7.5 | .360 | 190.2(7.5) | 202.0(7.0) | 11.8 | .206 | 200.9(12.0) | 220.4(12.5) | 19.5 | .030 |
| HDL (mg/dl) | 49.3(2.3) | 56.5(3.5) | 7.2 | .016 | 61.6(5.7) | 70.1(5.8) | 8.5 | .030 | 60.1(3.2) | 68.3(6.2) | 8.2 | .150 |
| LDL (mg/dl)** | 105.6(5.0) | 108.1(5.6) | 2.5 | .602 | 111.2(7.9) | 111.3(6.5) | 0.1 | .991 | 124.2(10.1) | 130.2(8.8) | 6.0 | .373 |
| Triglycerides(mg/dl) | 90.1(9.5) | 95.2(10.7) | 5.2 | .648 | 88.0(11.3) | 103.1(13.0) | 15.1 | .094 | 82.6(11.2) | 109.2(18.3) | 26.6 | .054 |
| Adiponectin*** | 9.3(1.3) | 10.6(1.2) | 1.3 | .092 | 10.6(1.4) | 10.9(1.7) | 0.3 | .730 | 11.1(1.0) | 18.5(1.5) | 7.4 | <.001 |
*p’s represent within group mean differences determined by paired t-tests.
**p = .044 for between group mean differences determined by ANCOVA by baseline covariate.
***p≤.001 for between group mean differences determined by ANCOVA by baseline covariate.