Ref (type)	Population	Outcome, Interventions	Results and statistical analysis	Effect size	Favours
Hospital admission
RCT	144 children with moderately severe croup In review	Hospital admission rate 11/47 (23%) with intramuscular dexamethasone 18/48 (38%) with nebulised budesonide	OR 0.5 95% CI 0.2 to 1.2 P = 0.18 Potential methodological issue with blinding; see Further information on studies		Not significant
Systematic review	50 children (at least 6 months old) presenting with croup (Westley Croup Score 2 or greater) in the emergency department Data from 1 RCT	Return visits and/or (re-)admissions 0/31 (0%) with dexamethasone (intramuscular) 0/19 (0%) with nebulised budesonide	RD 0 95% CI –0.08 to +0.08		Not significant