. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Dec 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Res Pers. 2014 Dec 1;53:22–30. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2014.08.002

Table 2.

Results of hierarchical regression analyses testing the relations between mindfulness and positive and negative rumination, controlling for state affect

	Negative Rumination				Positive Rumination
	ΔR²	β	t	p	ΔR²	β	t	p
Models 1 & 3
Step 1	.12			<.001	.22			<.001
State affect^a		.35	4.40	<.001		.47	6.20	<.001
Step 2	.09			<.001	.02			.09
MAAS		−.31	-3.97	<.001		.13	1.69	.09
Step 3	.02			.07	.00			.57
MAAS * State affect^a		.14	1.84	.07		−.05	−.56	.57
Models 2 & 4
Step 1	.12			<.001	.22			<.001
State affect^a		.35	4.40	<.001		.47	6.20	<.001
Step 2	.21			<.001	.05			.09
FFMQ – Observe		.08	1.05	.30		.10	1.22	.23
FFMQ – Describe		−.10	−1.30	.20		.00	.04	.97
FFMQ – Nonreact		−.01	−.15	.88		.07	.84	.41
FFMQ – Act		.00	.02	.98		.16	1.87	.06
Aware
FFMQ -		−.47	-5.55	<.001		.06	.70	.49
Nonjudging
Step 3	.03			.43	.03			.28
FFMQ – Observe		−.02	−.22	.83		−.09	−.89	.37
* state affect
FFMQ – Describe		−.11	−1.12	.27		−.06	−.75	.46
* state affect
FFMQ –		.02	.22	.83		−.07	−.71	.48
Nonreact * state affect
FFMQ – Act		.12	.99	.32		.00	−.03	.97
Aware * state affect
FFMQ –		.10	.76	.45		−.09	−.93	.36
Nonjudging * state affect

Note: Significant values are shown in boldface. MAAS = Mindful Attention Awareness Scale. FFMQ = Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire.

For negative rumination, state affect refers to negative state affect. For positive rumination, state affect refers to positive state affect.