Table 4. Types of initial surgery and tissue findings on gross examination for persons who inject drugs and had Bacillus anthracis Infection, Scotland, UK, 2009–2010*.
| Patient no.† | Surgery |
Gross tissue findings at surgery |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debride | Fasciotomy | Thigh ex | Laparotomy | Incision drainage | Excessive edema | Necrotic tissue | Excessive bleeding | Fasciitis | Liquefied necrosis | ||
| Survivor‡ | 5/11 (45) | 4/11 (36) | 1/11 (9) | 0/11 (0) | 1/11 (9) | 5/9 (56) | 7/11 (64) | 1/11 (9) | 1/10 (10) | 1/10 (10) | |
| 1 | – | – | + | – | – | + | – | + | – | – | |
| 2 | – | – | – | – | + | – | + | – | – | + | |
| 3 | + | – | – | – | – | + | + | – | – | – | |
| 4 | + | – | – | – | – | – | + | – | – | – | |
| 5 | – | + | – | – | – | + | – | – | – | – | |
| 7 | + | – | – | – | – | + | + | – | – | – | |
| 10 | – | + | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| 12 | + | – | – | – | – | NA | + | – | + | – | |
| 13 | + | – | – | – | – | + | + | – | – | – | |
| 14 | – | + | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| 15 |
– |
+ |
– |
– |
– |
|
NA |
+ |
– |
NA |
NA |
| Nonsurvivor‡ | 4/5 (80) | 0/5 | 0/5 | 1/5 (20) | 0/5 (0) | 5/5 (100) | 3/5 (60) | 4/5 (80)§ | 2/4 (50) | 1/4 (25) | |
| 3 | + | – | – | – | – | + | + | + | + | – | |
| 4 | + | – | – | – | – | + | + | + | + | – | |
| 6 | + | – | – | – | – | + | + | + | NA | NA | |
| 8 | + | – | – | – | – | + | – | – | – | – | |
| 9 |
– |
– |
– |
+ |
– |
|
+ |
– |
+ |
– |
+ |
| Total | 9/16 (56) | 4/16 (25) | 1/16 (6) | 1/16 (6) | 1/16 (6) | 10/14 (71) | 10/16 (63) | 5/16 (31) | 3/14 (21) | 2/14 (14) | |
*Debride, debridement; thigh ex., thigh exploration; +, type of surgery or tissue finding performed or noted; –, type of surgery or tissue finding not performed or noted; NA, observation not available. †Patients are numbered in the order in which they sought care. ‡No. (%) patients with the type of surgery or finding/total no. patients for whom data were reported. §For proportion of positive responses by survivors vs. nonsurvivors for whom data were reported, p<0.05.