Table 1.
Characteristics of participants in the DCCT/EDIC study at the time that incident macroalbuminuria was diagnosed
| Variable | Mean (SD) or N (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| All Macroalbuminuria | Persistent Macroalbuminuria | |
| Number | 159 | 123 |
| Age (yr) | 37 (9) | 36 (9) |
| Women | 51 (32%) | 37 (30%) |
| Caucasian race | 146 (92%) | 114 (93%) |
| Duration of diabetes (yr) | 17 (5) | 17 (5) |
| DCCT cohort | ||
| Primary prevention | 64 (40%) | 45 (37%) |
| Secondary prevention | 95 (60%) | 78 (63%) |
| DCCT treatment assignment | ||
| Intensive therapy | 44 (28%) | 35 (28%) |
| Conventional therapy | 115 (72%) | 88 (72%) |
| Time of diagnosis of macroalbuminuria | ||
| During DCCT | 52 (33%) | 45 (37%) |
| During EDIC study | 107 (67%) | 78 (63%) |
| Active smoking | 45 (29%) | 39 (33%) |
| Current RAAS inhibitor use | 49 (31%) | 35 (29%) |
| Lipid-lowering medication use | 18 (12%) | 11 (9%) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.9 (4.3) | 26.6 (4.0) |
| SBP (mmHg) | 133 (17) | 132 (17) |
| DBP (mmHg) | 82 (10) | 83 (10) |
| Hypertension (SBP>140 or DBP>90 or use of antihypertensive medications) | 84 (55%) | 63 (54%) |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 9.3 (1.6) | 9.4 (1.6) |
| AER (mg/24 h) | 524 (383–796) | 549 (393–842) |
| eGFR (ml/min per 1.73 m2) | 108 (20) | 109 (21) |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 203 (45) | 206 (47) |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 52 (15) | 52 (14) |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 120 (77) | 123 (79) |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 126 (35) | 128 (37) |
Data are mean (SD) or number (%), except for albumin excretion ratio, which is median (interquartile range). SBP, systolic BP; DBP, diastolic BP.