FIG 1.

Bacterial coinfection alters GC B cell and ASC responses in the medLN of influenza virus-infected mice. (A and B) Mice were infected with influenza virus A/PR8 or Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp) P1121. (A) GL7⁺ Fas⁺ GC B cells and (B) CD138⁺ ASCs in the medLN at indicated times after infection (n = 3 to 13 mice/group). (C and D) Mice were infected with PR8 alone or coinfected with S. pneumoniae 5 days after PR8 (PR8+Sp) or 10 days prior to PR8 (Sp+PR8). (C) GC B cells (top row, gated on B220⁺ cells) and CD138⁺ ASCs (bottom row) in the medLN in infected/coinfected mice 10 days after PR8 infection. (D) Kinetics of GC B cells and CD138⁺ ASCs in medLN in PR8 singly infected and coinfected mice at indicated days (d10, d20, and d34) after PR8 infection. Significance was determined by one-way ANOVA with Tukey's posttest. ns, nonsignificant; *, P < 0.05; ***, P < 0.001.