Table 5.

Parasitic infection of the liver

Disease (organism)	Organs/status	Clinical presentation
Malaria (P. falciparum, malariae, vivax, ovale)	Pre-erythrocytic phase	Asymptomatic
	Erythrocytic phase	Anemia, jaundice, mild elevation of aminotransferases, tender hepatomegaly, splenomegaly
Amebiasis (Entameba histolytica)	Intestine Amebic liver abscess	Right upper quadrant pain, fever, hepatomegaly (50%), jaundice (< 10%)
Cystic echinococcosis (Echinococcus granulosus)	Single cyst (> 70%), < 10 cm and no complication Size up (1-5 cm/year), > 10 cm Rupture	Asymptomatic Abdominal pain, mass effect (possible) Peritonitis, hypersensitivity reactions
Alveolar echinococcus (E. multilocularis)		Malaise, tender hepatomegaly, eosinophilia, obstructive jaundice, portal hypertension
Schitosomiasis (S. mansoni, japonicum)	Acute phase Chronic phase	Eosinophilic infiltrate Presinusoidal portal hypertension, splenomegaly, gastroesophageal varices
Fascioliasis (F. hepatica)	Acute phase Chronic phase	Abdominal pain, fever, hemobilia, hepatomegaly Biliary colic, cholangitis, cholelithiasis, obstructive jaundice
Ascariasis (A.lumbricoides)		Abdominal pain, fever, obstructive jaundice