Figure 6.

RD cells were seeded at a density of 5 × 10³ cells/well into 96-well plates. After three days, the media were changed to differentiation medium containing four uremic toxins at concentrations equivalent to unbound serum levels in ESRF patients. After seven days, the cells were incubated with differentiation medium containing 3 µM SIM in the absence and presence of mevalonate Squalene FOH CoQ₁₀, and GGOH for three days. The cytotoxicity of SIM was then determined using CellQuanti-Blue™ Cell Viability Assay Kits. Each point represents the mean ± S.D. (n = 3). Significant differences from the untreated control which is no toxin, no statin, no mevalonate pathway-related compound, and same incubation time were determined using unpaired post hoc Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison test (* p < 0.05; N.S., not significant). White bars, untreated cells; black bars, cells pre-treated with four uremic toxins at concentrations equivalent to unbound serum levels in ESRF patients.