Table 1.
Demographics, CT and pulmonary function test data
| Event | Measure | Cases | N | Controls | N | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-9/11 | FVC (%) | 84 (80–94) | 34 | 97 (89–111) | 63 | <0.001 |
| FEV1 (%) | 86 (82–95) | 34 | 104 (93–114) | 63 | <0.001 | |
| FEV1/FVC | 84 (79–87) | 34 | 85 (82–89) | 63 | 0.960 | |
| At 9/11 | Present at collapse* | 12 (35) | 34 | 18 (29) | 63 | 0.494 |
| Arrived later* | 22 (65) | 34 | 45 (71) | 63 | ||
| Years of service | 15 (7–20) | 34 | 13 (6–18) | 63 | 0.317 | |
| SPE | 9/11 to SPE (months) | 34 (25–52) | 34 | 33 (24–57) | 63 | 0.928 |
| FVC (%) | 76 (72–86) | 34 | 96 (90–104) | 63 | <0.001 | |
| FEV1 (%) | 72 (64–74) | 34 | 96 (90–102) | 63 | <0.001 | |
| FEV1/FVC | 74 (65–78) | 34 | 78 (75–82) | 63 | 0.004 | |
| BD response | 15 (6–25) | 30 | 4 (1–9) | 33 | 0.001 | |
| TLC (%) | 86 (80–101) | 28 | 105 (98–112) | 32 | <0.001 | |
| FRC (%) | 84 (76–100) | 28 | 102 (91–109) | 32 | 0.002 | |
| RV (%) | 130 (107–145) | 28 | 129 (115–141) | 32 | 0.859 | |
| DLCO (%) | 95 (85–106) | 27 | 106 (99–113) | 31 | 0.006 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 31 (29–34) | 34 | 29 (27–31) | 63 | 0.004 | |
| CT | PA† | 29.22 (3.24) | 34 | 28.19 (3.23) | 63 | 0.138 |
| A† | 32.09 (3.68) | 34 | 31.95 (3.19) | 63 | 0.850 | |
| PA/A† | 0.92 (0.11) | 34 | 0.89 (0.10) | 63 | 0.151 | |
| PA/A≥0.92* | 18 (53) | 34 | 20 (32) | 63 | 0.042 | |
| BWT* | 12 (36) | 33 | 21 (34) | 61 | 0.851 | |
| Air trapping* | 19 (58) | 33 | 25 (41) | 61 | 0.124 | |
| Age | 47 (41–51) | 34 | 46 (42–51) | 63 | 0.791 | |
| Height (cm) | 182 (178–183) | 34 | 178 (173–183) | 63 | 0.041 | |
| BSA (m2) | 2.24 (2.17–2.43) | 34 | 2.09 (2.01–2.28) | 63 | 0.001 |
Expressed as median (IQR) except *Expressed as N (%), †Expressed as mean (SD). A, aorta; BSA, body surface area; BD, bronchodilator; BMI, body mass index; BWT, bronchial wall thickening; DLCO, diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity; FRC, functional residual capacity; PA, pulmonary artery; RV, residual volume; SPE, pulmonary evaluation; TLC, total lung capacity.