Table 1.
Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)-producing isolates from flocks of broiler breeder, meconium of 1-day-old broilers and broilers.
| Sample | Production level | Species | Phylogenetic group | MLST ST | Disc diffusion test [mm] |
Plasmid incompatibility types | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AM | AMC | CF | CTX | GM | K | S | TE | CIP | NA | C | SMZ | TMP | ||||||||
| SET 1 | HV295.1 | Broiler breeders | E. coli | B1 | ST 109 | 6 | 20 | 6 | 16 | 22 | 24 | 18 | 21 | 30 | 28 | 28 | 6 | 6 | I1, F | |
| HV114.1 | Meconium | E. coli | B1 | ST 1056 | 6 | 19 | 6 | 18 | 25 | 25 | 13 | 6 | 29 | 26 | 27 | 6 | 6 | I1, F | ||
| HV292.1 | Broiler | E. coli | B1 | ST 602 | 6 | 18 | 6 | 17 | 20 | 22 | 12 | 6 | 30 | 28 | 22 | 6 | 6 | I1, F | ||
| SET 2 | HV183 | Broiler breeders | E. coli | B1 | ST 1056 | 6 | 16 | 6 | 15 | 22 | 21 | 15 | 23 | >30 | 25 | 26 | 6 | 6 | I1, F | |
| HV226 | Meconium | E. coli | B1 | ST 1146 | 6 | 18 | 6 | 15 | 22 | 26 | 16 | 24 | 30 | 25 | 25 | 6 | 6 | I1, F | ||
| HV297.1 | Broiler | E. coli | A | ST 10 | 6 | 19 | 6 | 16 | 22 | 24 | 17 | 22 | >30 | 28 | 25 | 6 | 6 | I1, F | ||
| HV84.1 | Meconium | E. coli | B1 | ST 1056 | 6 | 18 | 6 | 15 | 23 | 24 | 12 | 6 | >30 | 26 | 26 | 6 | 6 | I1, F | ||
| HV290.1 | Broiler | E. coli | D | ST 117 | 6 | 21 | 6 | 18 | 22 | 24 | 17 | 23 | >30 | 28 | 24 | 6 | 6 | I1. F | ||
| SET 4 | HV337.1 | Broiler breeders | E. coli | B1 | ST 1056 | 6 | 17 | 6 | 15 | 21 | 21 | 16 | 21 | 30 | 26 | 25 | 6 | 6 | I1, F | |
| HV359.1 | Meconium | E. coli | B2 | ST 355 | 6 | 17 | 6 | 15 | 23 | 22 | 16 | 23 | 28 | 6 | 24 | 6 | 6 | I1, F | ||
| HV403.1 | Broiler | E. coli | A | ST 1112 | 6 | 19 | 6 | 17 | 22 | 23 | 18 | 25 | >30 | 28 | 24 | 6 | 6 | I1, F | ||
| 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| SET 5 | HV338.1 | Broiler breeders | E. coli | D | ST 1629 | 6 | 17 | 16 | 24 | 24 | 19 | 6 | >30 | 28 | 29 | 6 | 6 | I1, F | ||
| HV369.1 | Meconium | E. coli | B1 | ST 1056 | 6 | 19 | 6 | 15 | 24 | 24 | 12 | 6 | >30 | 26 | 27 | 6 | 6 | I1, F | ||
| HV420.1 | Broiler | E. coli | A | ST 752 | 6 | 17 | 6 | 18 | 24 | 25 | 15 | 23 | 30 | 13 | 22 | 6 | 6 | I1, F | ||
Resistances to specific antibiotics are in bold type. AM, ampicillin; AMC, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; CF, cephalothin; CTX, cefotaxime; GM, gentamicin; K, kanamycin; S, streptomycin; TE, tetracycline; CIP, ciprofloxacin; NA, nalidixic acid; C, chloramphenicol; SMZ, sulfamethoxazole; TMP, trimethoprim; CT/CTL, cefotaxime/cefotaxime clavulanic acid; TZ/TZL, ceftazidime/ceftazidime clavulanic acid; PM/PML, cefepime/cefepime clavulanic acid. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) sequence type (ST).