Table 1.

Inhibitors of chemokines/receptors and their role in arboviral encephalitis pathogenesis.

Blockade	Compound or antibody	Pathogen model	Role of antagonist	Reference
Receptor antagonists
CCR2	RS504393	SFV	No effect	Michlmayr et al. (2014)
CCR5	DAPTA	SFV	No effect	Michlmayr et al. (2014)
CXCR3	Compound 21	SFV	No effect	Michlmayr et al. (2014)
CXCR3 & CCR2	Compound 21 and RS504393	SFV	Beneficial	Michlmayr et al. (2014)
CXCR4	AMD3100	WNV	Beneficial	McCandless et al. (2008)
Antibodies
CXCL10	1F11 or 1B9	WNV	Pathogenic	Klein et al. (2005)
CCL2	2H5	WNV	Beneficial	Getts et al. (2008)

The role of chemokine/receptor blockade can be either beneficial, pathogenic or have no effect on disease outcome in murine models of encephalitis.