Table 1.
Characteristics of HIV-Infected (N=92,130) Zambia Adults Who Initiated Antiretroviral Therapy During 2004–2011, by Age and Sex at Therapy Initiation
| Age, years | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, characteristic | 16–29 | 30–39 | 40–49 | 50–59 | 60–95 | |
| Women | n=20,902 | n=23,670 | n=8,870 | n=2,501 | n=573 | p* |
| BMIa | 20 (18–23) | 21 (18–23) | 21 (19–24) | 21 (19–24) | 20 (18–23) | <0.001 |
| WHO disease stage | ||||||
| 1 or 2 | 10,294 (50) | 10,431 (45) | 3,412 (39) | 913 (37) | 193 (35) | <0.001 |
| 3 or 4 | 10,181 (50) | 12,808 (55) | 5,285 (61) | 1535 (63) | 360 (65) | |
| Tuberculosis | 1,141 (6) | 1,425 (6) | 562 (6) | 176 (7) | 45 (8) | <0.001 |
| CD4+ T cell count, cells/mm3 | 169 (93–247) | 148 (80–220) | 144 (80–215) | 157 (85–229) | 164 (97–247) | <0.001 |
| Year of ART start | ||||||
| 2004–2006 | 5,331 (26) | 7,459 (32) | 3,245 (37) | 825 (33) | 151 (26) | <0.001 |
| 2007–2011 | 15,572 (75) | 16,211 (69) | 5,625 (63) | 1,676 (67) | 422 (74) | |
| First-line ART regimen | ||||||
| AZT+XTC+NVP/EFV | 6,001 (29) | 6,519 (28) | 2,272 (26) | 621 (25) | 121 (21) | <0.001 |
| D4T+XTC+NVP/EFV | 6,311 (30) | 7,189 (30) | 2,640 (30) | 650 (26) | 155 (27) | |
| TDF+XTC+NVP/EFV | 7,798 (37) | 9,254 (39) | 3,712 (42) | 1129 (45) | 271 (47) | |
| Other | 788 (4) | 708 (3) | 246 (3) | 101 (4) | 26 (5) | |
| Died during follow-up | 1,426 (7) | 1,872 (8) | 782 (9) | 274 (11) | 86 (15) | <0.001 |
| Lost to follow-up | 5,745 (27) | 5,214 (22) | 1,878 (21) | 510 (20) | 146 (25) | <0.001 |
| Men | n=6,242 | n=17,348 | n=8,817 | n=2,517 | n=690 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI | 19 (17, 21) | 19 (18, 21) | 20 (18, 22) | 20 (18, 22) | 20 (18, 22) | <0.001 |
| WHO disease stage | ||||||
| 1 or 2 | 1,742 (28) | 4,928 (29) | 2,749 (32) | 806 (33) | 240 (35) | <0.001 |
| 3 or 4 | 4,386 (72) | 12,119 (71) | 5,904 (68) | 1,659 (67) | 438 (65) | |
| Tuberculosis | 728 (12) | 1900 (11) | 923 (11) | 206 (8) | 51 (7) | 0.028 |
| CD4+ T cell count cells/mm3 | 149 (77, 226) | 130 (64, 205) | 123 (63, 196) | 129 (66, 204) | 140 (78, 216) | <0.001 |
| Year of ART start | ||||||
| 2004–2006 | 1,625 (26) | 5,214 (30) | 3,047 (35) | 910 (36) | 227 (33) | <0.001 |
| 2007–2011 | 4,617 (74) | 12,134 (70) | 5,770 (65) | 1,607 (64) | 463 (67) | |
| First-line ART regimen | ||||||
| AZT+XTC+NVP/EFV | 1,455 (23) | 4,599 (27) | 2,540 (29) | 744 (30) | 201 (29) | <0.001 |
| D4T+XTC+NVP/EFV | 1,319 (21) | 3,717 (21) | 2,036 (23) | 615 (24) | 160 (23) | |
| TDF+XTC+NVP/EFV | 3,288 (53) | 8,595 (50) | 3,980 (45) | 1,046 (42) | 288 (42) | |
| Other | 180 (3) | 437 (3) | 261 (3) | 112 (4) | 41 (6) | |
| Died during follow-up | 692 (11) | 1,815 (10) | 1,039 (12) | 335 (13) | 132 (19) | <0.001 |
| Lost to follow-up | 2,074 (33) | 4,699 (27) | 2,141 (24) | 624 (25) | 156 (23) | <0.001 |
a
Body mass index (BMI) is calculated as the weight in kilograms divided by the height in meters squared.
*
Wilcoxon trend test used for continuous variables and Jonckheere–Terpstra test used for categorical variables.
Data are the number (%) of patients or median value (interquartile range).
ART, antiretroviral therapy; AZT, zidovudine; d4T, stavudine; EFV, efavirenz; XTC, lamivudine or emtricitabine; IQR, interquartile range; NVP, nevirapine; TDF, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate; WHO, World Health Organization; 3TC, lamivudine.