Fig. 3.

LDL, oxLDL, and their extracted lipids decrease the GSH/GSSG ratio in SH-SY5Y cells. SH-SY5Y cells were treated with 0.8, 1.6, or 4 μg of LDL, oxLDL, or their lipids (-L) for 2 h. Intracellular (A) GSH and (B) GSSG levels were measured by GSH recycling assay and the GSH/GSSG ratio is shown in (C). Protein levels were measured by BCA assay. (D) Intracellular GSH and GSSG levels were measured after treating cells with LDL-L or oxLDL-L for 2 h in the presence or absence of a thiol donor, 3 mM NAC. Results are from three independent experiments and show the mean ± SEM. Significant differences were calculated using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey׳s multiple comparison test, where *P < 0.05, ^#P < 0.01, and ^~P < 0.001.