FIG. 5.

Concussion-induced 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) translocation in hippocampal astrocytes was prevented by edaravone. Representative images demonstrating immunoreactivity for 5-LOX (red) and DAPI nuclear staining (blue) in the hippocampus of mice 24 h after sham operation (A and C) or concussion (B and D). The location of 5-LOX can be visualized in the cytosol in sham-operated mice treated with vehicle (A) or edaravone (C). Mice treated with vehicle immediately after concussion showed an increase in hippocampal 5-LOX translocation to the nuclear envelope (B, arrow), which was suppressed by edaravone treatment (D). Scale bar=25 μm. Z-stack confocal laser scanning micrographs of 5-LOX (red)-positive cells in the hippocampus of mice subjected to sham operation (E) or concussion (F). Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar=5 μm. (G) Quantification of 5-LOX translocation to the nuclear envelope. Data are expressed as mean±standard error of the mean (sham injury plus vehicle-treated group, n=4; sham injury plus edaravone, n=4; concussive TBI plus vehicle-treated group, n=5; concussive traumatic brain injury plus edaravone-treated group, n=4). *p<0.01, compared to the vehicle-treated concussed mice group (black bar). Colocalization of 5-LOX (red) with GFAP (green) or CD11b (green) in mice 24 h postinjury (H–M). Immunoreactivity of 5-LOX translocated to the nuclear (blue) envelope was detected in GFAP-positive astrocytes (H–J), but not in CD11b-positive microglia (K–M). Scale bar=25 μm. DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein. Color image is available online at www.liebertpub.com/neu