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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Oct 2.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2013 Jul;29(4):370–377. doi: 10.1097/MOG.0b013e328360bd12

Figure 2. Chromatin reader domains bind to specific histone modifications to regulate gene transcription.

Figure 2

Chromatin readers contain specialized domains that bind and recognize specific histone modifications. Bromodomains ‘read” acetyl groups (Ac) and PHD finger domains read methyl groups (Me) of modified lysine residues in histone tails (e.g. H4K16 and H3K4 respectively). These chromatin reader proteins dock at histone modified sites and provide platforms for the recruitment of other chromatin regulators or transcription proteins that signal to upstream signaling pathways. IBD-relevant pro-inflammatory stimuli: LPS, IL-1β, TNF-α are shown as examples of pathways that activate gene transcription.