Models are adjusted for age, abstinence time, race, smoking status, BMI, recruitment period, moderate-to-intense exercise, TV-watching, dietary patterns, and total calorie intake. Tests for trend were conducted across quartiles using a variable with the median processed meat intake in each quartile as a continuous variable in the linear regression models. for total sperm count, P =0.01; for total progressive motile count, P = 0.02.