Table 4.

Accuracy of the Spot Sign for the Prediction of In-Hospital Mortality and Poor Outcome among Survivors in Primary ICH

Accuracy Parameter	In-Hospital Mortality (95% CI)	Poor Outcome* (95% CI)
Sensitivity	41 (34 – 49)	23 (17 – 32)
Specificity	85 (81 – 88)	89 (85 – 92)
PPV	56 (47 – 64)	51 (38 – 64)
NPV	76 (72 – 80)	70 (65 – 75)
Positive LR	2.7 (2.0 – 3.7)	2.2 (1.4 – 3.4)
Negative LR	0.69 (0.61 – 0.78)	0.86 (0.78 – 0.95)
Accuracy	71	67
Prevalence	31	33

For sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy and prevalence, the numbers in the table represent percentages. The numbers in parenthesis represent the 95% CI.

^*Defined as a modified Rankin Scale of ≥4 at 3-month follow-up among the 393 survivors.

ICH: intracerebral hemorrhage; CI: confidence interval; PPV: positive predictive value; NPV: negative predictive value; LR: likelihood ratio.