Table 3.
Use of antimicrobials as treatment in infected patients
| LowABR ICU patients | HighABR ICU patients | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 255) | (n = 1187) | ||
| Antimicrobial, n (%) | |||
| Cephalosporins (all) | 84 (32.9) | 206 (17.4) | <0.001 |
| Cefazolin | 4 (1.6) | 4 (0.3) | 0.016 |
| Cefuroxime | 46 (18.0) | 2 (0.2) | <0.001 |
| Ceftazidime | 8 (3.1) | 40 (3.4) | 0.851 |
| Cefepime/Cefpirome | 1 (0.4) | 24 (2.0) | 0.070 |
| Other cephalosporins | 26 (10.2) | 139 (11.7) | 0.491 |
| Penicillins (all) | 84 (32.9) | 400 (33.7) | 0.816 |
| Benzylpenicillin | 16 (6.3) | 3 (0.3) | <0.001 |
| Ampicillin | 5 (2.0) | 29 (2.4) | 0.645 |
| Amoxycillin + Clavulanic acid | 16 (6.3) | 71 (6.0) | 0.858 |
| Piperacillin + Tazobactam | 27 (10.6) | 273 (23.0) | <0.001 |
| Oxa-/Cloxa-/Flucloxacillin | 14 (5.5) | 16 (1.3) | <0.001 |
| Other penicillins | 8 (3.1) | 20 (1.7) | 0.127 |
| Other β-lactams (all) | 44 (17.3) | 381 (32.1) | <0.001 |
| Imipenem/meropenem | 44 (17.3) | 365 (30.7) | <0.001 |
| Aztreonam | 0 (0.0) | 13 (1.1) | 0.093 |
| Unspecified beta-lactams | 0 (0.0) | 7 (0.6) | 0.219 |
| Aminoglycosides (all) | 17 (6.7) | 202 (17.0) | <0.001 |
| Amikacin | 0 (0.0) | 114 (9.6) | <0.001 |
| Tobramycin | 11 (4.3) | 26 (2.2) | 0.052 |
| Other aminoglycosides | 6 (2.4) | 66 (5.6) | <0.001 |
| Quinolones (all) | 38 (14.9) | 242 (20.4) | 0.045 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 31 (12.2) | 128 (10.8) | 0.525 |
| Other quinolones | 7 (2.7) | 114 (9.7) | <0.001 |
| Glycopeptides (all) | 30 (11.8) | 272 (22.9) | <0.001 |
| Vancomycin | 30 (11.8) | 193 (16.3) | 0.072 |
| Other glycopeptides | 0 (0.0) | 81 (6.8) | <0.001 |
| Macrolides (all) | 13 (5.1) | 48 (4.0) | 0.448 |
| Erythromycin | 6 (2.4) | 4 (0.3) | <0.001 |
| Other macrolides | 7 (2.7) | 44 (3.7) | 0.451 |
| Other antibiotics (all) | 55 (21.6) | 321 (27.0) | 0.071 |
| Metronidazole | 36 (14.1) | 71 (6.0) | <0.001 |
| Cotrimoxazole | 5 (2.0) | 30 (2.5) | 0.594 |
| Oxazolidinone | 0 (0.0) | 128 (10.8) | <0.001 |
| Tigecycline | 0 (0.0) | 21 (1.8) | 0.032 |
| Unspecified | 19 (7.5) | 130 (11.0) | 0.096 |
| Antifungals (all) | 52 (20.4) | 209 (17.6) | 0.295 |
| Fluconazole | 31 (12.2) | 110 (9.3) | 0.159 |
| Amphotericin B | 4 (1.6) | 18 (1.5) | 0.951 |
| Amphotericin lipid complex | 3 (1.2) | 21 (1.8) | 0.502 |
| Caspofungin | 12 (4.7) | 40 (3.4) | 0.299 |
| Voriconazole | 1 (0.4) | 31 (2.6) | 0.029 |
| Other antifungals | 1 (0.4) | 2 (0.2) | 0.477 |
| Antivirals (all) | 3 (1.2) | 22 (1.9) | 0.452 |