Table 1.

Comparison of commercially available preserved human amniotic membrane for ophthalmic applications.

Company	IOP Ophthalmics, Inc.	Bio Tissue, Inc.	Keera, srl
Preparation	De-epithelialized, dehydrated, sterilized with irradiation	Epithelialized, cryopreserved	Lyophilized extract of the fresh human amniotic membrane
Storage	Stored free-standing at 10–27 °C, good for 2 years	Attached to nitrocellulose paper, cryopreserved at −80 °C, good for 2 years	Soluble powder form, stored in dry environment at 18–20 °C
Activation	Activated with saline solution or bioadhesive agent	Thaw to room temperature before use	Dilution with sterile BSS
Delivery/fixation method	Bioadhesive or suture fixation for AmbioTM, contact lens for AmbiodiskTM	Bioadhesive or suture fixation for AmnioGraft® and AmnioGuardTM, self-retained symblepharon ring for PROKERA®	Topical using eye drop dispenser
Availability	Worldwide	Worldwide	Europe