Table 2.
Continuous associations between dietary salt intake and prevalent albuminuria and retinopathy
| Microalbuminuria (205/1,068) |
Macroalbuminuria (143/1,006) |
Non-proliferative retinopathy (507/833) |
Proliferative retinopathy (224/550) |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model | OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p |
| 1 | 1.06 | 1.02, 1.10 | 0.003 | 1.00 | 0.95, 1.04 | 0.88 | 1.02 | 0.98, 1.05 | 0.34 | 0.99 | 0.94, 1.03 | 0.53 |
| 2 | 1.06 | 1.01, 1.10 | 0.011 | 1.00 | 0.94, 1.06 | 0.95 | 1.00 | 0.96, 1.04 | 0.94 | 1.02 | 0.96, 1.08 | 0.64 |
| 3 | 1.06 | 1.01, 1.10 | 0.013 | 0.99 | 0.94, 1.05 | 0.82 | 1.00 | 0.96, 1.04 | 0.84 | 1.02 | 0.95, 1.08 | 0.65 |
OR indicates the odds of prevalent albuminuria or retinopathy per g/day salt intake
Model 1: adjusted for age and sex
Model 2: model 1 + BMI, smoking (never/ex/current), urinary potassium excretion and use of antihypertensive medication
Model 3: model 2 + physical activity (0/≤sex-specific median/>sex-specific median), total energy intake, protein intake, saturated fat intake, fibre intake, alcohol intake (0/≤sex-specific median/>sex-specific median)