Table 5.
Continuous associations between urinary potassium excretion and prevalent albuminuria and retinopathy in individuals without CVD who did not use antihypertensive medication
| Microalbuminuria (114/779) |
Macroalbuminuria (40/705) |
Non-proliferative retinopathy (360/633) |
Proliferative retinopathy (92/365) |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model | OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p |
| 1 | 1.12 | 0.95, 1.33 | 0.18 | 0.92 | 0.68, 1.25 | 0.60 | 1.15 | 0.99, 1.33 | 0.074 | 0.88 | 0.69, 1.14 | 0.34 |
| 2 | 1.06 | 0.88, 1.28 | 0.55 | 0.85 | 0.60, 1.20 | 0.35 | 1.15 | 0.97, 1.36 | 0.10 | 0.84 | 0.63, 1.11 | 0.21 |
| 3 | 1.07 | 0.88, 1.30 | 0.52 | 0.82 | 0.57, 1.17 | 0.28 | 1.16 | 0.98, 1.39 | 0.090 | 0.91 | 0.68, 1.22 | 0.52 |
OR indicates the odds of prevalent albuminuria or retinopathy per g/day potassium excretion
Model 1: adjusted for age and sex
Model 2: model 1 + BMI, smoking (never/ex/current) and urinary sodium excretion
Model 3: model 2 + physical activity (0/≤sex-specific median/>sex-specific median), total energy intake, protein intake, saturated fat intake, fibre intake, alcohol intake (0/≤sex-specific median/>sex-specific median)