Table 4.
Patient characteristics and disease burden in patients who are adherent to, nonadherent to, persistent with, and not persistent with LAMA monotherapya
| Characteristic | Adherent to LAMA (MPR ≥80%)
|
Nonadherent to LAMA (MPR <80%)
|
Persistent with LAMA (PDC ≥80%)
|
Not persistent with LAMA (PDC <80%)
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 months | 24 months | 12 months | 24 months | 12 months | 24 months | 12 months | 24 months | |
| All patients, n | 817 | 727 | 2,205 | 2,295 | 579 | 449 | 2,443 | 2,573 |
| Male | 413 (50.6) | 381 (52.4) | 1,031 (46.8) | 1,063 (46.3) | 283 (48.9) | 223 (49.7) | 1,161 (47.5) | 1,221 (47.5) |
| Age, mean (SD) | 56.8 (4.8) | 56.8 (4.8) | 55.2 (5.6) | 55.4 (5.6) | 57.2 (4.6) | 57.2 (4.4) | 55.4 (5.4) | 55.4 (5.4) |
| Comorbidities | ||||||||
| Charlson comorbidity index, mean (SD) | 1.4 (2.0) | 1.4 (2.0) | 1.6 (2.4) | 1.6 (2.2) | 1.4 (2.0) | 1.4 (2.0) | 1.6 (2.2) | 1.6 (2.2) |
| Asthma | 255 (31.2) | 221 (30.4) | 821 (37.2) | 855 (37.3) | 185 (32.0) | 140 (31.2) | 891 (36.5) | 936 (36.4) |
| Myocardial infarction | 64 (7.8) | 59 (8.1) | 216 (9.8) | 221 (9.6) | 38 (6.6) | 28 (6.2) | 242 (9.9) | 252 (9.8) |
| Exacerbations | ||||||||
| None | 490 (60.0) | 321 (44.2) | 1,217 (55.2) | 946 (41.2) | 357 (61.7) | 195 (43.4) | 1,350 (55.3) | 1,072 (41.7) |
| 1 | 213 (26.1) | 211 (29.0) | 638 (28.9) | 613 (26.7) | 149 (25.7) | 134 (29.8) | 702 (28.7) | 690 (26.8) |
| ≥2 | 114 (14.0) | 195 (26.8) | 350 (15.9) | 736 (32.1) | 73 (12.6) | 120 (26.7) | 391 (16.0) | 811 (31.5) |
| Moderate exacerbations | ||||||||
| None | 573 (70.1) | 417 (57.4) | 1,465 (66.4) | 1,208 (52.6) | 413 (71.3) | 256 (57.0) | 1,625 (66.5) | 1,369 (53.2) |
| 1 | 169 (20.7) | 176 (24.2) | 512 (23.2) | 566 (24.7) | 119 (20.6) | 113 (25.2) | 562 (23.0) | 629 (24.4) |
| ≥2 | 75 (9.2) | 134 (18.4) | 228 (10.3) | 521 (22.7) | 47 (8.1) | 80 (17.8) | 256 (10.5) | 575 (22.3) |
| Severe exacerbations | ||||||||
| None | 695 (85.1) | 546 (75.1) | 1,846 (83.7) | 1,764 (76.9) | 497 (85.8) | 334 (74.4) | 2,044 (83.7) | 1,976 (76.8) |
| 1 | 108 (13.2) | 140 (19.3) | 287 (13.0) | 378 (16.5) | 72 (12.4) | 87 (19.4) | 323 (13.2) | 431 (16.8) |
| ≥2 | 14 (1.7) | 41 (5.6) | 72 (3.3) | 153 (6.7) | 10 (1.7) | 28 (6.2) | 76 (3.1) | 166 (6.5) |
| Oral corticosteroid use | ||||||||
| None | 553 (67.7) | 392 (53.9) | 1,453 (65.9) | 1,194 (52.0) | 404 (69.8) | 237 (52.8) | 1,602 (65.6) | 1,349 (52.4) |
| 1 | 140 (17.1) | 159 (21.9) | 450 (20.4) | 512 (22.3) | 91 (15.7) | 102 (22.7) | 499 (20.4) | 569 (22.1) |
| ≥2 | 124 (15.2) | 176 (24.2) | 302 (13.7) | 589 (25.7) | 84 (14.5) | 110 (24.5) | 342 (14.0) | 655 (25.5) |
| Markers of disease severity | ||||||||
| All-cause hospitalization | 132 (16.2) | 188 (25.9) | 413 (18.7) | 660 (28.8) | 80 (13.8) | 107 (23.8) | 465 (19.0) | 741 (28.8) |
| Emphysema diagnosis | 109 (13.3) | 137 (18.8) | 225 (10.2) | 319 (13.9) | 86 (14.9) | 95 (21.2) | 248 (10.2) | 361 (14.0) |
| Lower respiratory tract infections | 327 (40.0) | 392 (53.9) | 1,006 (45.6) | 1,403 (61.1) | 231 (39.9) | 249 (55.5) | 1,102 (45.1) | 1,546 (60.1) |
| Oxygen therapy | 95 (11.6) | 110 (15.1) | 244 (11.1) | 319 (13.9) | 74 (12.8) | 73 (16.3) | 265 (10.8) | 356 (13.8) |
| SABD prescriptions | 486 (59.5) | 495 (68.1) | 1,150 (52.2) | 1,437 (62.6) | 349 (60.3) | 321 (71.5) | 1,287 (52.7) | 1,611 (62.6) |
| Shortness of breath | 196 (24.0) | 249 (34.3) | 517 (23.4) | 796 (34.7) | 134 (23.1) | 156 (34.7) | 579 (23.7) | 889 (34.6) |
Notes: All values are n (%) unless stated otherwise.
a
Patients had not received ICS at the long-acting bronchodilator index date or during the 12-month prior history.
Abbreviations: ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LAMA, long-acting muscarinic antagonist; MPR, medication possession ratio; PDC, proportion of days covered; SABD, short-acting bronchodilator; SD, standard deviation.