Table 1.

Baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes of children admitted in hospital presenting with a single viral acute respiratory tract infection as compared to HRV/ENT

	HRV/ENT*	RSV	FLU	Others
	n = 85	n = 40	n = 46	n = 34
Age, years Median, IQR	1·9 (0·4–5·8)	0·4 (0·1–1·5) P < 0·002	4·0 (1·5–9·0) P = 0·09	(0·7–5·0) P = 0·903
Gender, male N, %	48 (56·5)	26 (63·4) OR 1·3 95% CI 0·6, 2·9 P = 0·459	21 (67·7) OR 1·6 95% CI 0·7, 3·9 P = 0·276	36 (75) OR 2·3 95% CI 1·1, 5·1 P = 0·036
Cardiorespiratory N, %	32 (37·6)	6 (14·6) OR 3·5 95% CI 1·3, 9·3 P = 0·01	2 (6·5) OR 9 95% CI 4·0, 38·0 P = 0·005	7 (14·6) OR 3·3 95% CI 1·4, 9·0 P = 0·007
Prematurity N, %	8 (9·4)	7 (17·1) OR 0·7 95% CI 0·3, 1·7 P = 0·458	0	4 (8·3) OR 0·9 95% CI 0·3, 3·1 P = 0·835
Immunocompromised/metabolic N, %	40 (47·1)	13 (31·7) OR 1·9 95% CI 0·9, 4·2 P = 0·104	12 (38·7) OR 1·4 95% CI 0·6, 3·3 P = 0·425	16 (33·3) OR 1·8 95% CI 0·9, 3·7 P = 0·125
Pneumonia N, %	28 (32·9)	8 (19·5) OR 2·4 95% CI 0·9, 6·9 P = 0·093	8 (25·8) OR 1·9 95% CI 0·7, 4·9 P = 0·191	16 (33·3) OR 1·3 95% CI 0·6, 2·7 P = 0·609
Length of hospital admission (days) Median, IQR	8 (3–19·5)	6 (3–9) P = 0·429	4 (2–11) P = 0·035	8 (3–19·5) P = 0·943
Admission in the ICU N,%	25 (29·4)	14 (34·1) OR 1·2 95% CI 0·6, 2·8 P = 0·590	6 (19·4) OR 0·7 95% CI 0·6, 4·7 P = 0·282	15 (31·3) OR 1·1 95% CI 0·5, 2·4 P = 0·824
Oxygen requirements N, %	40 (47·1)	28 (68·3) OR 2·4 95% CI 1·1, 5·3 P = 0·027	11 (35·5) OR 1·6 95% CI 0·7, 3·8 P = 0·268	22 (45·8) OR 1·1 95% CI 0·5, 2·1 P = 0·892
Mortality** N, %	4 (4·7)	0	1 (3·2)	2 (4·2)

HRV/ENT *, enterovirus/rhinovirus: risk estimates, 95% CI and P values are indicated in each row for the comparison with HRV/ENT for each categorical variable; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus; FLU, influenza; others: PIV, parainfluenza; hMPV, human meta-pneumovirus; ADV, adenovirus, coronaviruses, HBoV; IQR, interquartile range.

^**No risk estimates provided given the small number of events.

Values indicated in bold were considered as significant P < 0.05.