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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Oct 2.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Med Chem. 2014;21(31):3583–3593. doi: 10.2174/0929867321666140601162710

Fig. (1).

Fig. (1)

Model of delivery of neurotrophic factors in the prevention of motoneuron degeneration in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). ALS is caused by environmental or genetic factors. There are two possibilities for delivery of neurotrophic factors for neuroprotection of cortical, brainstem or spinal cord motoneurons: 1) VEGF, IGF, GDNF and ADNF-9 might be efficient if injected intramuscularly to undergo retrograde transport, 2) ADNF-9 is suggested to be efficient if it is delivered intranasally or intravenously, which primarily might affect the cell bodies of the motoneurons.