Figure 5. Activation of both D1-like and D2-like dopamine receptors is capable of mediating increased HIV entry.

Macrophages were infected with β-lac HIV (MOI 0.01) in the presence of either 10⁸ M dopamine (light gray), a D1-like DR agonist (10⁸ M SKF 38393, dark gray), a D2-like DR agonist (10⁸ M Quinpirole, white), both SKF 38393 and Quinpirole together (horizontal lines). Macrophages infected with HIV alone served as controls. Dopamine, SKF 38393, Quinpirole and SKF 383893 + Quinpirole all significantly increased viral entry relative to infections with HIV alone (n = 10, * p > 0.05, ** p > 0.01 vs. HIV alone).