Table 2.
Regulation of cytokines and inflammation associated proteins in serum/plasma and CSF of AD and MCI patients
| Described regulation | Serum/plasma | CSF | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MCI | AD | MCI | AD | |
| ↑ Upregulation | BDNF, IL-1β, MIF, MIP-4, RANTES | CTACK, FGF1, MIF, MIG, sCD40, SCF, VEGF | IL-8, IL-10, MIF, MIG, MIP-4αa, sTNF-RII | FGF1, IL-11, IL-18 |
|
↑ Upregulation + → No regulation |
ICAM-1, IFN-α, TNF-α | ACT, ANG-2, IFN-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-10, IL-11, IL-18a, MIP-1α, sTNF-RI, VCAM-1 | MCP-1a | ACT, IL-1β, IL-1RII, IL-8, IP-10, MCP-1a, VEGF |
| → No regulation | ACT, ANG-2, β-NGF, CD40L, CTACK, EGF, G-CSF, Eotaxin, GDNF, GRO-α, HGF, IL-1α, IL-1RII, IL-2R, IL-3, IL-6, IL-10, IL-11, IL-12, IL-16, IL-18, IP-10, LIF, M-CSF, MCP-1, MCP-3, MCP-4, MIG, MIP-1δ, MIP-4α, PDGF-BB, sCD40a, SCF, SCGF, SDF-1α, sTNF-RIa, sTNF-RII, TRAIL, VCAM-1 | β-NGF, E-Selectin, GM-CSF, GRO-α, HGF, IGFBO-6, IL-1RA, IL-1RII, IL-2, IL-2R, IL-7, IL-12a, IL-16a, IP-10, LIF, MIP-4, sTNF-RII, TRAIL, TRAIL-R4 | BDNF, Eotaxin, IL-1β, IL-1RII, MCP-4 | β-NGF, FGF2, GDNF, GM-CSF, HGF, IFN-γ, IL-1RA, IL-2, IL-2R, IL-10, IL-12a, M-CSF, MIP-1α, SDF-1α, sTNF-RI, sTNF-RII |
|
→ No regulation + ↓ Downregulation |
IL-8 | G-CSF, IL-1α, IL-6R, MCP-3, SDF-1α | BDNF, IL-6R | |
| ↓ Downregulation | IGF-1 | G-CSF, IL-1α, IL-6R, MCP-3, P-selectin, SDF-1α | IL-7, M-CSF, TNF-α, TGF-β, VEGF | |
|
↑ Upregulation + → No regulation + ↓ Downregulation |
BDNFa, CRP, EGF, GDNF, ICAM-1, IL-3, IL-6a, IL-8, M-CSF, MCP-1, PDGF-BB, RANTES, TNF-α, TGF-βa | IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β | ||
Overview of the results of the reviewed articles, separated by observed protein expression regulations for serum/plasma and CSF as well as MCI and AD. For several investigated proteins, multiple directions of regulation are described in different articles. For details on synonyms, frequency of effect observation and used methods, see Supplementary 2
aProteins for which disease progression-dependent regulation is described