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. 2014 Sep 8;111(38):13774–13779. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1413389111

Scheme 1.

Scheme 1.

Common synthesis methods for the preparation of RGOs using graphite as a starting material, which ultimately leads to varying contamination arising from impurities within the chemical agents used. Gray spheres represent carbon atoms, red spheres represent oxygen atoms, and other colors represent metallic impurities.