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. 2014 Sep 4;111(38):13870–13875. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1414358111

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

Ubc13 controls BCa metastatic spread. (A–E) Role of Ubc13 in lung metastasis of orthotopically transplanted BCa cells. (A) H&E staining of lung sections from mice orthotopically transplanted with shControl- and shUbc13-LM2 cells. [Scale bars, 800 μm (top two inlets) and 100 μm (bottom).] (B) Lung metastatic load was determined by calculating the percentage of the lung surface occupied by cancer cells (Left) or by qRT-PCR of human-specific β2-microglobulin (B2M) mRNA normalized to mouse β-actin mRNA (Right). (C) Ubc13 protein expression in cancer cells isolated from primary shControl- and shUbc13-LM2 orthotopic tumors (mouse numbers indicated above the lanes). (D) Tumor growth curve (the whole 8-wk time course) and (E) weights (end point, i.e., 8 wk after injection) of primary tumors formed by shControl- and shUbc13-LM2 cells. (F–H) Requirement of Ubc13 for lung colonization by tail vein injected BCa cells. (F) BLI (bioluminescence) images of NOD/SCID mice injected with luciferase-labeled shControl- and shUbc13-LM2 cells via the tail vein. (G) Quantification of lung photon flux. (H) Quantification of lung surface nodules. Data are averages ± SEM; n = 5 mice. ■, shControl; □, shUbc13. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.