Table 1.

Demographic and clinical characteristics of four individuals that died following co-infection with Leptospira species and dengue virus, Puerto Rico, 2010–2012

Case ID	Age (years)	Sex	Risk factors and exposure history	DPO first presentation	DPO first received antibiotics	DPO first received steroids	DPO of death	DPO dengue/leptospirosis diagnostic test ordered	Cause of death†
1*	42	M	Hypertension; recently incarcerated	4	6	4	15	NA/4	Leptospirosis
2	22	M	Asthma, smoker, alcohol abuse	3	5	3	11	3/7	Cardiorespiratory arrest
3	64	M	Smoker; exposure to animals, cleaned roof gutters with skin abrasion on finger	2	2	3	3	2/2	Septic shock
4	67	M	Diabetes, hypertension;farmer, exposure to animals	4	5	4	7	5/5	Multiple organ failure; acute viral syndrome

^*A detailed description of the clinical course of Case 1 can be found in Reference 25.

^†As listed on the death certificate; if a death certificate was not available, discharge diagnosis was used instead

DPO = day post-illness onset; M = male; NA = not applicable.