Table 5.
Serum mineral analysis
| Treatment groups | Normal clinical range (United States) | Reference | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo | Low dose | High dose | |||||
| Before | After | Before | After | Before | After | ||
| Na (mmol/L) | |||||||
| 132.2 | 138.2 | 135.3 | 138.1 | 128.5 | 135.6 | ||
| 130.6 ± 6.8 | 139.2 ± 5.5* | 133.6 ± 8.0 | 138.8 ± 3.8* | 129.3 ± 9.1 | 136.8 ± 3.1* | 135.0–145.0 | A |
| 115.3–141.4 | 132.2–153.4 | 114.3–146.2 | 134.5–150.3 | 112.1–149.9 | 132.7–143.3 | ||
| K (mmol/L) | |||||||
| 3.7 | 4 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 4.1 | ||
| 3.8 ± 0.4 | 4.0 ± 0.4 | 3.8 ± 0.4 | 4.1 ± 0.5 | 3.8 ± 0.5 | 4.1 ± 0.4 | 3.6–5.2 | A |
| 3.0–4.8 | 3.3–5.0 | 2.7–4.5 | 3.2–5.7 | 3.1–4.8 | 3.3–4.7 | ||
| Cl (mmol/L) | |||||||
| 97.3 | 101.2 | 98.8 | 102.4 | 96.2 | 100.4 | ||
| 97.4 ± 4.2 | 101.2 ± 4.0* | 97.7 ± 5.6 | 101.5 ± 2.5* | 96.6 ± 5.1 | 100.3 ± 2.1* | 102.0–112.0 | A |
| 89.4–105.3 | 90.1–108.4 | 83.0–106.8 | 96.0–104.8 | 87.8–106.3 | 95.4–105.2 | ||
| Ca (mmol/L) | |||||||
| 2.4 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.1 | ||
| 2.4 ± 0.2 | 2.2 ± 0.3* | 2.3 ± 0.1 | 2.2 ± 0.2* | 2.3 ± 0.2 | 2.1 ± 0.3* | 2.4–2.7 | A |
| 1.9–2.7 | 1.8–2.8 | 2.0–2.6 | 1.2–2.6 | 2.0–2.6 | 1.5–2.5 | ||
| Mg (mmol/L) | |||||||
| 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | ||
| 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.1* | 0.7–1.0 | A |
| 0.5–1.0 | 0.6–1.0 | 0.7–1.0 | 0.6–1.0 | 0.7–1.1 | 0.6–0.9 | ||
Data represent median, mean ± SD, and range. A indicates Mayo Clinic pediatric reference ranges. Reference ranges are combined male and female values.
*
Denotes statistical significance between baseline and after treatment.