Table 2.

Differences in Variables between Survivors and Families

Variables	Cronbach’s α		Range, Mean (SD)		F a	t b
	Chinese	Korean	Survivor	Family
Communication
General	0.97	0.96	2-5, 3.8(0.9)	1-5, 3.9(0.98)	0	−0.62
Cancer-related	0.97	0.97	1-5, 4.0(1.2)	1-5, 3.8(1.15)	0.1	0.89
Family Coping
Social support	0.81	0.91	10-42, 19.5(7.9)	10-41, 22.7(7.9)	0.27	−2.09*
Mobilizing	0.72	0.72	5-17, 9.4(3.5)	4-20, 10.3(3.5)	0.06	−1.15
Spiritual support	0.87	0.85	3-20, 12.7(5.7)	4-20, 13.4(4.5)	3.91	−0.76
Reframing	0.86	0.85	14-38, 26.0(7.0)	13-40, 28.4(6.9)	0.16	−1.74
Quality of Life
Physical Functioning	0.92	0.86	8-100, 64.3 (29.8)	8-100, 88.3(21.7)	3.3	−4.14***
Role-Physical	0.83	0.96	0-100, 48.4 (42.3)	0-100, 79.8(36.8)	1.57	−3.03**
Pain	0.81	0.86	23-100, 64.4 (22.5)	10-100, 81.5(22.2)	0.09	−4.12***
General Health	0.7	0.8	15-100, 54.6 (19.8)	10-100, 64.2(21.4)	1.14	−2.11*
Energy	0.67	0.82	35-100, 59.0 (16.1)	10-100, 53.3(22.6)	3.29	1.02
Social Functioning	0.71	0.77	25-100, 66.4 (25.3)	38-100, 80.1(21.0)	2.24	−3.09**
Role-Emotional	0.83	0.89	0-100, 55.6 (45.8)	0-100, 76.7(39.3)	3.29	−2.03
Mental Health	0.89	0.87	24-100, 69.2 (19.5)	4-100, 55.5(25.7)	2.66	2.48*
Physical QOL	-	-	24-94, 57.9 (21.7)	26-100, 78.1(21.2)	0.4	−4.32***
Mental QOL	-	-	27-100, 61.9 (21.2)	27-100, 66.2(19.8)	0.93	−0.99

^aNote Levene’s test for equality of variance,

^bpaired sample t-tests were conducted.

^*p<0.05,

^**p<0.01,

^***p<0.001