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. 2014 Jun 30;2(3):95–98. doi: 10.1002/rcr2.61

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Breathing pattern (A) and sniff test (B) tracings of the subject. Note that Pes and Pgas swings were both negative, contrary to what is normally expected. Esophageal, gastric, nasal, and transdiaphragmatic sniff measures were low. Moreover, SniffPgas was negative, with an initial slight positive deflection, indicating a probable diaphragmatic dysfunction during this volitional maneuver. E, expiration; I, inspiration; Paw: nasal pressure, Pdi, transdiaphragmatic pressure; Pes, esophageal pressure; Pgas, gastric pressure; SniffPgas, gastric pressure during a sniff.