Table 4. Associations of WCRF/AICR index score with prostate cancer risk.
| WCRF/AICR Index Score |
Dose-response (per 1 unit score) | P trend d | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0-2 | >2 to <3 | 3 to <4 | 4-6 | |||
| Controls, n | 1,983 | 3,178 | 4,658 | 2,186 | ||
| Overall cases, n | 294 | 479 | 688 | 345 | ||
| Model 1 a | 1 | 1.02 (0.87, 1.19) | 0.99 (0.85, 1.14) | 1.05 (0.88, 1.24) | ||
| Model 2 | 1 | 1.01 (0.86, 1.18) | 0.96 (0.83, 1.11) | 1.01 (0.85, 1.19) | 0.99 (0.94, 1.05) | 0.71 |
| Localised cases b , n | 257 | 429 | 626 | 300 | ||
| Model 1 | 1 | 1.04 (0.88, 1.22) | 1.02 (0.87, 1.19) | 1.04 (0.87, 1.24) | ||
| Model 2 | 1 | 1.02 (0.87, 1.21) | 0.99 (0.84, 1.16) | 0.99 (0.83, 1.19) | 0.99 (0.93, 1.05) | 0.72 |
| Locally advanced cases b , n | 34 | 48 | 59 | 43 | ||
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.90 (0.57, 1.40) | 0.73 (0.47, 1.12) | 1.13 (0.71, 1.78) | ||
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.90 (0.57, 1.40) | 0.73 (0.48, 1.13) | 1.16 (0.72, 1.84) | 1.00 (0.85, 1.18) | 0.97 |
| Locally advanced vs. Localised c , n | 34/257 | 48/429 | 59/626 | 43/300 | ||
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.86 (0.54, 1.38) | 0.70 (0.44, 1.09) | 1.06 (0.65, 1.73) | ||
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.87 (0.54, 1.41) | 0.75 (0.47, 1.19) | 1.17 (0.71, 1.94) | 1.02 (0.86, 1.22) | 0.81 |
| Low grade cases b , n | 188 | 331 | 465 | 220 | ||
| Model 1 | 1 | 1.10 (0.91, 1.33) | 1.06 (0.89, 1.27) | 1.07 (0.87, 1.32) | ||
| Model 2 | 1 | 1.08 (0.90, 1.31) | 1.02 (0.85, 1.22) | 1.00 (0.81, 1.24) | 1.00 (0.93, 1.07) | 0.93 |
| High grade cases b, n | 106 | 146 | 220 | 124 | ||
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.84 (0.65, 1.09) | 0.83 (0.66, 1.06) | 0.99 (0.75, 1.29) | ||
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.85 (0.66, 1.10) | 0.84 (0.66, 1.07) | 1.00 (0.76, 1.31) | 0.97 (0.89, 1.07) | 0.55 |
| High vs. Low grade c, n | 106/188 | 146/331 | 220/465 | 124/220 | ||
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.76 (0.55, 1.03) | 0.79 (0.59, 1.05) | 0.93 (0.67, 1.30) | ||
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.74 (0.54, 1.01) | 0.79 (0.58, 1.06) | 0.96 (0.68, 1.34) | 0.97 (0.87, 1.09) | 0.61 |
a
Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals from conditional logistic regression, matched by 5-year age band and recruitment centre, and adjusted by age (continuous variable).
b
Relative risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals from multinomial logistic regression
c
Relative risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals from logistic regression
d
p-trend for the association of prostate cancer risk per 1 unit increment in index score. Model 1 for cancer sub-types: adjusted for age (continuous variable) and recruitment centre. Model 2: further adjusted for family history of prostate cancer, smoking status and total energy intake (continuous variable). For definitions of localised, locally advanced, low and high grade cancer, please refer to methods.