Table 6. Associations of prostate cancer dietary index score with prostate cancer risk.
| Prostate Cancer Dietary Index Score |
Dose-response (per 1 unit score) | p trend d | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 to 1 | 2 | 3 | |||
| Controls, n | 8,436 | 3,120 | 447 | ||
| Overall cases, n | 1,311 | 437 | 58 | ||
| Model 1a | 1 | 0.90 (0.80, 1.01) | 0.82 (0.62, 1.08) | ||
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.90 (0.80, 1.02) | 0.82 (0.61, 1.09) | 0.91 (0.84, 0.99) | 0.04 |
| Localised cases b , n | 1,165 | 398 | 49 | ||
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.92 (0.82, 1.04) | 0.78 (0.58, 1.06) | ||
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.92 (0.81, 1.04) | 0.78 (0.57, 1.06) | 0.93 (0.85, 1.01) | 0.10 |
| Locally advanced cases b , n | 138 | 37 | 9 | ||
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.71 (0.49, 1.02) | 1.18 (0.60, 2.34) | ||
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.71 (0.49,1.04) | 1.17 (0.58, 2.36) | 0.79 (0.61, 1.03) | 0.08 |
| Locally advanced vs. Localised c , n | 138/1,165 | 37/398 | 9/49 | ||
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.81 (0.54, 1.19) | 1.45 (0.68, 3.06) | ||
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.84 (0.56, 1.25) | 1.48 (0.68, 3.19) | 0.90 (0.69, 1.19) | 0.46 |
| Low grade cases b , n | 873 | 292 | 39 | ||
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.90 (0.79, 1.04) | 0.84 (0.60, 1.17) | ||
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.89 (0.77, 1.03) | 0.82 (0.59, 1.16) | 0.93 (0.84, 1.03) | 0.15 |
| High grade cases b , n | 433 | 144 | 19 | ||
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.89 (0.73, 1.08) | 0.80 (0.50, 1.28) | ||
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.92 (0.75, 1.12) | 0.83 (0.51, 1.34) | 0.90 (0.78, 1.04) | 0.16 |
| High vs. Low grade c , n | 433/873 | 144/292 | 19/39 | ||
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.99 (0.78, 1.25) | 1.06 (0.60, 1.88) | ||
| Model 2 | 1 | 1.04 (0.81, 1.33) | 1.13 (0.63, 2.03) | 0.98 (0.82, 1.18) | 0.86 |
a
Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals from conditional logistic regression, matched by 5-year age band and recruitment centre, and adjusted by age (continuous variable).
b
Relative risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals from multinomial logistic regression
c
Relative risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals from logistic regression
d
p-trend for the association of prostate cancer risk per 1 unit increment in index score. Model 1 for cancer sub-types: adjusted for age (continuous variable) and recruitment centre. Model 2: further adjusted for family history of prostate cancer, smoking status and total energy intake (continuous variable).