Figure 4.

Panel a Disease dynamics for a single patient treated with ATRA (R² = 0.95). Panel b Disease dynamics of a single patient treated with chemotherapy (R² = 0.61). The initial response to ATRA treatment is well described by our model prediction (blue line). However, this patient did not receive maintenance therapy and finally relapse 861 days after the initial treatment. In contrast, the patient treated with chemotherapy has an initial response to therapy, but progresses in between cycles of chemotherapy. This variation could be caused by stochastic effects of cell proliferation together with a varying number of surviving cancer stem-like cells per treatment.