Table 6.

Combined effects of BMI and blood glucose on risk of selected obesity-related cancers

BMI/Blood Glucosea	<25/Nl glucose	<25/Abnl glucose	≥25/Nl glucose	≥25/Abnl glucose
Colon Cancers
No.	1,356	172	1,911	324
Cancers/Person-Years	36/24,569	3/2,614	94/34,016	14/4,555
IR/10,000 Person-Years	14.7	11.5	27.6	30.7
HR (95% CI)
Unadjusted	1.0 (Reference)	0.83 (0.26-2.7)	1.9 (1.3-2.8)	2.3 (1.3-4.3)
Adjusted model 1b	1.0 (Reference)	0.83 (0.25-2.7)	1.8 (1.2-2.7)	2.2 (1.2-4.1)
Adjusted model 2c	1.0 (Reference)	0.84 (0.26-2.7)	1.6 (1.0-2.5)	1.8 (0.93-3.6)
Female Reproductive Cancersd
No.	876	94	1,006	137
Cancers/Person-Years	59/16,588	5/1,546	94/18,959	13/1,960
IR/10,000 Person-Years	35.6	32.3	49.6	66.3
HR (95% CI)
Unadjusted	1.0 (Reference)	0.95 (0.38-2.4)	1.4 (1.0-1.9)	2.0 (1.1-3.7)
Adjusted model 1b	1.0 (Reference)	0.92 (0.37-2.3)	1.5 (1.1-2.1)	2.2 (1.2-4.1)
Adjusted model 2c	1.0 (Reference)	0.91 (0.36-2.3)	1.7 (1.1-2.5)	2.6 (1.4-4.9)
Female Reproductive Cancers, excluding Breast Cancer
No.	876	94	1,006	137
Cancers/Person-Years	9/16,896	1/1,583	19/19,558	3/2,040
IR/10,000 Person-Years	5.3	6.3	9.7	14.7
HR (95% CI)
Unadjusted	1.0 (Reference)	1.2 (0.15-9.5)	1.8 (0.83-4.1)	2.8 (0.74-10.2)
Adjusted model 1b	1.0 (Reference)	1.3 (0.17-10.5)	2.1 (0.91-4.7)	3.4 (0.90-13.1)
Adjusted model 2c	1.0 (Reference)	1.3 (0.17-10.7)	1.9 (0.76-4.9)	3.2 (0.75-13.3)

BMI=body mass index; Nl=normal; Abnl=abnormal; IR=incidence rate; HR=hazard ratio; CI=confidence interval

^aNl vs. Abnl glucose: <125 (not on insulin or oral hypoglycemics) vs. ≥125 mg/dL or treated

^bModel 1: Adjusted for age, sex (for colon cancer model), height, education level, alcohol, cigarettes/day, and physical activity.

^cModel 2: Model 1 plus waist circumference

^dFemale reproductive cancers include postmenopausal breast, cervical, endometrial and uterine cancers