Table 2.
Association of rs11872992 with metabolic traits and ad libitum energy intake in non-diabetic American Indians
| GG risk/risk | rs11872992 (G/A) (mean ± SD) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GA + AA risk/non | β (95 % CI) | p value | ||
| Subjects, body composition (n) | 760 | 104 | ||
| Percentage of body fat | 33.8 ± 8.4 | 31.0 ± 8.7 | 2.2 (0.8, 3.6) | 0.002 |
| Fat mass (kg) | 33.4 ± 14.5 | 29.3 ± 13.9 | 3.5 (0.9, 6.1) | 0.008 |
| Fat-free mass (kg) | 62.5 ± 14.4 | 61.4 ± 14.0 | 1.8 (−0.6, 4.1) | 0.145 |
| Waist (inch) | 43.1 ± 7.0 | 41.5 ± 7.4 | 1.4 (0.01, 2.84) | 0.048 |
| Thigh (inch) | 25.9 ± 3.4 | 25.1 ± 3.6 | 0.7 (0.02, 1.44) | 0.044 |
| Waist/thigh | 1.67 ± 0.18 | 1.65 ± 0.20 | 0.01 (−0.03, 0.05) | 0.584 |
| Subjects, hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic clamp (n) | 452 | 67 | ||
| Resting metabolic rate (kcal/day) | 1806 ± 338 | 1,748 ± 304 | 7.5 (−50.1, 65.1) | 0.799 |
| Subjects, whole-room indirect calorimetry (n) | 313 | 45 | ||
| 24-h energy expenditure (kcal/day) | 2,371 ± 407 | 2,324 ± 365 | −53.4 (−107.9, 1.1) | 0.054 |
| Sleeping metabolic rate (kcal/day) | 1,678 ± 284 | 1,616 ± 244 | −23.2 (−61.6, 14.6) | 0.229 |
| Subjects, ad libitum energy intake (n) | 147 | 31 | ||
| Carbohydrate intake (g/day) | 553 ± 174 | 472 ± 139 | 81.5 (21.4, 141.6) | 0.009 |
| Fat intake (g/day) | 191 ± 68 | 159 ± 54 | 32.1 (8.7, 55.5) | 0.008 |
| Protein intake (g/day) | 142 ± 46 | 128 ± 41 | 17.6 (1.5, 33.7) | 0.034 |
| Total energy intake (kcal/day) | 4,401 ± 1,363 | 3,740 ± 1,034 | 676 (190, 1,162) | 0.007 |
| Total energy intake (% WMEN) | 157 ± 45 | 133 ± 34 | 30.9 (4.2, 57.6) | 0.02 |
SNP rs11872292 had a low allele frequency for the A allele (mAF = 0.07), therefore, the heterozygous GA and homozygous AA genotypes were combined for analyses. p value for percentage of body fat was adjusted for age, sex and heritage. p value for total energy intake was adjusted for age, sex, heritage, fat mass and fat-free mass, and p value for 24-h energy expenditure was additionally adjusted for spontaneous physical activity. All remaining p values were adjusted for age, sex, percentage of body fat and heritage. Bold values indicate p ≤ 0.05. Data are given as unadjusted mean. Estimate (β) represents the effect per copy of the risk allele after adjusting for covariates. % WMEN is calculated as daily energy intake/WMEN ×100