Table 4.
Bi-variate associations of housing conditions and respiratory symptoms among farmworker occupants
| Factors | Wheeze | Tightness Chest | Runny/Stuffy Nose | Coughed up phlegm | Asthma | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No = 311 | Yes = 40 | p-value | No = 293 | Yes = 59 | p-value | No = 231 | Yes = 121 | p-value | No = 291 | Yes = 61 | p-value | No = 338 | Yes = 12 | p-value | ||
| Housing | ||||||||||||||||
| Cockroach infestation in + sleeping room (violation) | No | 193(88.94) | 24(11.06) | NS | 188(86.24) | 30(13.76) | NS | 148(67.89) | 70(32.11) | NS | 183(83.94) | 35(16.06) | NS | 210(96.77) | 7(3.23) | NS |
| Yes | 118(88.06) | 16(11.94) | 105(78.36) | 29(21.64) | 83(61.94) | 51(38.06) | 108(80.6) | 26(19.4) | 128(96.24) | 5(3.76) | ||||||
| Rodent infestation in sleeping room (violation) + | No | 229(88.42) | 30(11.58) | NS | 222(85.38) | 38(14.62) | NS | 177(68.08) | 83(31.92) | NS | 217(83.46) | 43(16.54) | NS | 248(96.12) | 10(3.88) | NS |
| Yes | 82(89.13) | 10(10.87) | 71(77.17) | 21(22.83) | 54(58.7) | 38(41.3) | 74(80.43) | 18(19.57) | 90(97.83) | 2(2.17) | ||||||
| Pesticide use in home+ | No | 183(89.27) | 22(10.73) | NS | 185(89.81) | 21(10.19) | 0.0001 | 140(67.96) | 66(32.04) | NS | 171(83.01) | 35(16.99) | NS | 201(98.05) | 4(1.95) | NS |
| Yes | 121(87.68) | 17(12.32) | 102(73.91) | 36(26.09) | 85(61.59) | 53(38.41) | 114(82.61) | 24(17.39) | 129(94.16) | 8(5.84) | ||||||
| Presence of mold, water damage sleeping room+ | No | 233(88.59) | 30(11.41) | NS | 221(83.71) | 43(16.29) | NS | 176(66.67) | 88(33.33) | NS | 224(84.85) | 40(15.15) | 0.0262 | 258(98.1) | 5(1.9) | 0.0084 |
| Yes | 72(88.89) | 9(11.11) | 65(80.25) | 16(19.75) | 48(59.26) | 33(40.74) | 60(74.07) | 21(25.93) | 73(91.25) | 7(8.75) | ||||||
| More than 4 weeks since bed sheets were washed | No | 248(88.26) | 33(11.74) | NS | 234(82.98) | 48(17.02) | NS | 186(65.96) | 96(34.04) | NS | 231(81.91) | 51(18.09) | NS | 272(97.14) | 8(2.86) | NS |
| Yes | 37(88.1) | 5(11.9) | 36(85.71) | 6(14.29) | 25(59.52) | 17(40.48) | 38(90.48) | 4(9.52) | 39(92.86) | 3(7.14) | ||||||
| Number of people in sleeping room (violation)+ | No | 266(88.67) | 34(11.33) | NS | 252(83.72) | 49(16.28) | NS | 195(64.78) | 106(35.22) | NS | 253(84.05) | 48(15.95) | NS | 288(96.32) | 11(3.68) | NS |
| Yes | 40(86.96) | 6(13.04) | 37(80.43) | 9(19.57) | 33(71.74) | 13(28.26) | 34(73.91) | 12(26.09) | 46(100) | 0(0) | ||||||
| Seasonal occupancy | Early | 84(88.42) | 11(11.58) | NS | 83(86.46) | 13(13.54) | NS | 59(61.46) | 37(38.54) | NS | 78(81.25) | 18(18.75) | NS | 95(98.96) | 1(1.04) | NS |
| Mid | 146(90.68) | 15(9.32) | 134(83.23) | 27(16.77) | 110(68.32) | 51(31.68) | 139(86.34) | 22(13.66) | 152(95.6) | 7(4.4) | ||||||
| Late | 81(85.26) | 14(14.74) | 76(80.0) | 19(20.0) | 62(65.26) | 33(34.74) | 74(77.89) | 21(22.11) | 91(95.79) | 4(4.21) | ||||||
| Smoking inside the house | No | 239(89.51) | 28(10.49) | NS | 224(83.58) | 44(16.42) | NS | 174(64.93) | 94(35.07) | NS | 224(83.58) | 44(16.42) | NS | 259(97) | 8(3.0) | NS |
| Yes | 61(88.41) | 8(11.59) | 55(79.71) | 14(20.29) | 46(66.67) | 23(33.33) | 54(78.26) | 15(21.74) | 64(94.12) | 4(5.88) | ||||||
| Work behavior | ||||||||||||||||
| Planting or Cultivating | No | 286(87.73) | 40(12.27) | NS | 272(83.18) | 55(16.82) | NS | 213(65.14) | 114(34.86) | NS | 272(83.18) | 55(16.82) | NS | 314(96.62) | 11(3.38) | NS |
| Yes | 25(100) | 0(0) | 21(84) | 4(16.0) | 18(72) | 7(28.0) | 19(76) | 6(24.0) | 24(96) | 1(4.0) | ||||||
| Harvesting or Topping | No | 53(92.98) | 4(7.02) | NS | 50(87.72) | 7(12.28) | NS | 38(66.67) | 19(33.33) | NS | 51(89.47) | 6(10.53) | NS | 56(98.25) | 1(1.75) | NS |
| Yes | 258(87.76) | 36(12.24) | 243(82.37) | 52(17.63) | 193(65.42) | 102(34.58) | 240(81.36) | 55(18.64) | 282(96.25) | 11(3.75) | ||||||
| Loading or Barning | No | 237(88.76) | 30(11.24) | NS | 221(82.77) | 46(17.23) | NS | 179(67.04) | 88(32.96) | NS | 225(84.27) | 42(15.73) | NS | 258(97.36) | 7(2.64) | NS |
| Yes | 73(87.95) | 10(12.05) | 71(84.52) | 13(15.48) | 51(60.71) | 33(39.29) | 65(77.38) | 19(22.62) | 79(94.05) | 5(5.95) | ||||||
| Non-Working behavior | ||||||||||||||||
| Tobacco Use (cigarettes) | Current | 111(87.4) | 16(12.6) | NS | 104(81.89) | 23(18.11) | NS | 82(64.57) | 45(35.43) | NS | 100(78.74) | 27(21.26) | 0.0131 | 121(95.28) | 6(4.72) | NS |
| Former | 88(89.8) | 10(10.2) | 77(78.57) | 21(21.43) | 63(64.29) | 35(35.71) | 76(77.55) | 22(22.45) | 92(95.83) | 4(4.17) | ||||||
| Never | 112(88.89) | 14(11.11) | 112(88.19) | 15(11.81) | 86(67.72) | 41(32.28) | 115(90.55) | 12(9.45) | 125(98.43) | 2(1.57) | ||||||
NS= p > 0.05
+
Aggregated housing violatio