Table 5.
Bioreactor Expansion of MSC Aggregates
| Type of bioreactor | MSC source | Culture parameters | Effect on proliferation | Effect on differentiation | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spinner flask | Human bone marrow | 30 rpm Seeded at 2×104 cells/mL |
No effect compared to 2D | Improved osteogenesis after 14–21 days | 6 |
| Human adipose tissue | 70 rpm Seeded at 6×105 cells/mL |
ND | Enhance the secretion of VEGF, HGF, and FGF-2 | 38 | |
| Rotating wall vessel | Human bone marrow | 15 rpm Seeded at 2×104 cells/mL |
No effect compared to 2D | Improved adipogenesis after 14–21 days | 6 |
| Rabbit bone marrow | 11–25 rpm Seeded at 1–1.5×106 cells/mL |
ND | Improved chondrogenesis: threefold increase in aggregans; increase collagen type II, GAG secretion | 121 | |
| Human adipose tissue | 11–25 rpm Seeded at 106 cells/mL |
ND | Improved chondrogenesis after 21 days; 20- to 30-fold increase of SOX9 and aggregan compared to normal gravity | 120 | |
| Cyclic compression | Rabbit bone Marrow | 10% magnitude at a frequency of 1 Hz for 4 h; seeded at 3×107 cells/mL | No effect compared to unloaded controls | Improved chondrogenesis after 14 days; twofold increase in collagen type II compared to unloaded pellets | 119 |
GAG, glycosaminoglycan.