Table 4. Effects of Intervention and Personal Characteristics on Health Care Utilization.
| Hospitalization | Emergency room visit | Oncology outpatient visit | Primary care visit | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||||||
| Beta | SE | p | Beta | SE | p | Beta | SE | p | Beta | SE | p | |
| Regression of non-zero counts | ||||||||||||
| APN Intervention vs. Attention Control | 0.28 | 0.36 | .4319 | 1.02 | 0.59 | .0852 | 0.07 | 0.11 | .5359 | -0.59 | 0.16 | .0003 |
| Baseline Distress Thermometer | -0.09 | 0.07 | .2135 | -0.22 | 0.19 | .2500 | 0.02 | 0.02 | .4163 | -0.09 | 0.03 | .0071 |
| Comorbidity | 0.05 | 0.09 | .5494 | 0.34 | 0.19 | .0714 | 0.01 | 0.03 | .6027 | 0.03 | 0.04 | .5073 |
| SF12 | 1.18 | 1.43 | .4123 | -0.71 | 2.39 | .7682 | -0.25 | 0.38 | .5101 | -2.71 | 0.58 | <.0001 |
| Symptom Distress | 0.87 | 0.56 | .1243 | - | - | - | -0.07 | 0.14 | .2447 | -0.29 | 0.19 | .1216 |
| Depression | 0.00 | 0.03 | .8680 | -0.01 | 0.04 | .8597 | -0.01 | 0.01 | .4365 | 0.05 | 0.01 | <.0001 |
| Uncertainty | -0.05 | 0.31 | .8719 | 0.27 | 0.46 | .5525 | 0.27 | 0.10 | .0066 | -0.50 | 0.12 | .0001 |
| Stay at hospital | 0.05 | 0.05 | .2668 | 0.14 | 0.17 | .4125 | -0.01 | 0.01 | .6233 | -0.05 | 0.02 | .0108 |
| Stage of cancer (Late vs. Early) | 1.68 | 1.01 | .0982 | -0.46 | 0.70 | .5100 | 0.10 | 0.12 | .4144 | -0.02 | 0.15 | .8857 |
| Age | -0.03 | 0.01 | .0422 | -0.06 | 0.03 | .0506 | -0.00 | 0.01 | .6606 | -0.00 | 0.01 | .5875 |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Regression of zero counts | ||||||||||||
| APN Intervention vs. Attention Control | 0.11 | 0.45 | .8101 | 0.40 | 0.49 | .4194 | - | - | - | -0.03 | 0.46 | .9434 |
| Baseline Distress Thermometer | 0.02 | 0.09 | .7937 | 0.03 | 0.10 | .7848 | - | - | - | -0.05 | 0.09 | .6249 |
| Comorbidity | -0.14 | 0.11 | .2237 | -0.20 | 0.12 | .0996 | - | - | - | -0.12 | 0.12 | .3145 |
| SF12 | -0.24 | 1.56 | .8780 | -1.33 | 1.58 | .4019 | - | - | - | -4.21 | 1.71 | .0154 |
| Symptom Distress | 0.53 | 0.59 | .3643 | - | - | - | - | - | - | -1.41 | 0.65 | .0319 |
| Depression | -0.03 | 0.04 | .4554 | -0.01 | 0.04 | .8905 | - | - | - | -0.01 | 0.04 | .7707 |
| Uncertainty | -0.07 | 0.38 | .8602 | -0.97 | 0.46 | .0364 | - | - | - | 0.11 | 0.40 | .7731 |
| Stay at hospital | 0.11 | 0.06 | .0645 | 0.03 | 0.06 | .5468 | - | - | - | 0.07 | 0.05 | .1493 |
| Stage of cancer (Late vs. Early) | 1.91 | 0.55 | .0007 | -0.01 | 0.52 | .9900 | - | - | - | 0.16 | 0.50 | .7539 |
| Age | 0.02 | 0.02 | .4615 | 0.04 | 0.02 | .1029 | - | - | - | -0.02 | 0.02 | .4554 |
Notes. *** The p-values were evaluated with the Bonferroni correction (.05/4=.0124).
*** The negative binomial distribution was used for oncology outpatient visit, because zero was not inflated (i.e., most patients has more than one oncology outpatient visit).