Table 5.
HRs and 95% CIs associated with muscle strength and mass together as continuous variables and after categorization regarding the presence of low muscle mass alone, low muscle strength alone, or both in incident dialysis patients
| Exposures | Model 1 | Model 2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P Value | HR (95% CI) | P Value | |
| Together as continuous variables in the same model | ||||
| Muscle mass, per SD increase | 0.58 (0.20 to 1.70) | 0.32 | 0.43 (0.12 to 1.52) | 0.19 |
| Muscle strength, per SD increase | 0.26 (0.16 to 0.43) | <0.001 | 0.34 (0.18 to 0.61) | <0.001 |
| Crosscombined as categories according to young reference populations | ||||
| Group 1: Appropriate muscle mass and strength (n=134) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Group 2: Low muscle strength alone (n=50) | 2.82 (1.57 to 5.21) | 0.001 | 1.98 (1.01 to 3.87) | 0.04 |
| Group 3: Low muscle mass alone (n=78) | 1.35 (0.67 to 2.68) | 0.39 | 1.23 (0.56 to 2.67) | 0.59 |
| Group 4: Low muscle mass and strength (sarcopenia) (n=68) | 2.94 (1.64 to 5.27) | <0.001 | 1.93 (1.01 to 3.71) | 0.04 |
Model 1 includes minimal adjustment for age and sex. Model 2 includes adjustment for age, sex, diabetes, CVD, cholesterol, hemoglobin, GFR, and hsCRP. HR, hazard ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.