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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2014 Aug 16;0:191–200. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.08.036

Figure 5. Illustration of cell attachment angles.

Figure 5

(A) Micrograph of cell angle θ between cell elongation direction (cyan line EF) and line connecting cell nucleus (C) and indentation center (O) (yellow line OC) of microcracked HA. The indentation impression and radial crack pattern are illustrated by white lines. The black crosses mark examples of cells showing no apparent elongation direction. The OBs were stained with Rhodamine Phalloidin (Actin) and Hoescht 33342 (nucleus). (B) A schematic of cells with different elongation directions with respect to the indentation site (black diamond). Cells with θ < 45° are considered as aligned cells, while cells with θ ≥ 45° are considered as non-aligned cells.