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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014 Oct;134(4):769–779. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.08.008

Table 4.

Phenotypes of Severity and Treatment Response

• Pre-clinical: use skin barrier cream for prevention of AD
• Chronic AD in remission: use barrier cream in combination with maintenance topical corticosteroid or calcineurin inhibitors to prevent relapse
• Relapse of Mild-Moderate AD: use topical corticosteroids or calcineurin inhibitors for control of inflammation, identify and avoid triggers (irritants, allergens, infection), immunotherapy for allergen-driven AD
• Persistent Moderate-Severe AD not controlled on topical corticosteroids or calcineurin inhibitors: Wet Wrap Therapy, Allergen Immunotherapy, Non-specific immunosuppressives (cyclosporine, methotrexate, narrow band UV phototherapy, mycophenolate)
• Future targeted therapies for Moderate-Severe AD (anti-IL-4 receptor alpha, anti-IL-22, anti-IL-23/IL-17 or other biologics that interrupt polarized immune pathways)