FIGURE 1.

Path analysis: Use of nonstandard dosing instrument as a mediator of teaspoon or tablespoon unit–associated errors in measurement compared with the intended (A) and prescribed (B) dose.^a

^aBaron and Kenny criteria for mediation met: teaspoon or tablespoon use associated with measurement error in analyses without nonstandard instrument in model, teaspoon or tablespoon use associated with use of nonstandard instrument, nonstandard instrument associated with errors, and teaspoon or tablespoon no longer significantly associated with error after adjustment for nonstandard instrument. ^bTeaspoon or tablespoon units used alone or in combination. ^cMultiple logistic regression analysis adjusting for parent age, race/ethnicity, language, country of birth, socioeconomic status, education, and HL; child age and child chronic disease; and site. ^dMultiple logistic regression analysis with nonstandard instrument included in the model and adjusting for variables listed in footnote c.