Table 2.

Patient demographics

	Symptomatic PDA	No PDA	P
n (%)	40,472 (8.3%)	447,877 (91.7%)
EGA, median (10–90th)	29 (25–36)	35 (31–40)	<0.001
APGAR1, median (10–90th)	6 (2–8)	8 (4–9)	<0.001
APGAR5, median (10–90th)	8 (6–9)	9 (7–9)	<0.001
Birth weight, median (10–90th)	1.18 (0.65–2.77)	2.44 (1.46–3.66)	<0.001
Major anomalies	7,013 (17.3%)	35,137 (7.8%)	<0.001
Antenatal steroids	26,111 (64.5%)	131,503 (29.4%)	<0.001
Male	21,264 (52.5%)	249,265 (55.7%)	<0.001
Cesarean section	28,433 (70.3%)	242,507 (54.1%)	<0.001
Ventilator	24,843 (61.4%)	57,568 (12.9%)	<0.001
Surfactant	26,530 (65.6%)	62,534 (14.0%)	<0.001
Aminoglycoside	32,351 (79.9)	283,838 (63.4)	<0.001

PDA, DA patency; EGA, estimated gestational age.