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. 2014 Apr 25;3(2):e000588. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.113.000588

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© 2014 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley Blackwell.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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Figure 5. — Treatment effect of verapamil for access site conversion, radial artery spasm, and access site conversion due to radial artery spasm. All 2‐sided 95% CIs for the differences in event rates overlap zero and do not cross the prespecified superiority margin of 5%, suggesting that the policy of prophylactic verapamil application may not be superior to the strategy of ad hoc administration (difference in access site conversion rates: 1.0%, 95% CI −1.1% to 3.3%; difference in rate of radial artery spasm [RAS]: 0.7%, 95% CI −1.5% to 3.1%; difference in occurrence of access site crossover due to RAS: −0.3%, 95% CI −1.9% to 1.0%).