TABLE 4.

Summary of published findings on food effects of piperaquine dosing

Reference	No. of subjects	Subject	Piperaquine dose	Mean Cmaxa (ng/ml)	Fasted or meal
Karunajeewa et al. (17)	62	P. falciparum- or P. vivax-infected Cambodian adults and children	320 mg	95–124	Fasted 4 to 6 h
Sim et al. (30)	8	Healthy Caucasians	500 mg	21 for subjects who fasted	Fasted 6 to 8 h
				65 for fed subjects	Fed high-fat (37-g) meal
Mytton et al. (16)	56	P. falciparum-infected Karen or Burmese adults	55 mg/kg	Not reported	∼8 hc
Liu et al. (36)	16	Healthy Chinese	640 mg	578–586	Fed meal 2 h after dosing
Nguyen et al. (31)	12	Healthy Vietnamese	500 mg	69.6	No food for >10 h
			1,000 mg	195.5	No food for >10 h
			500 mg for 3 days	119.0/198.1d	Fed 16.7 g fat 10 min after breakfast
Hai et al. (28)	32	Healthy Vietnamese	640 mg	130b for subjects who fasted	Fasted overnight plus 4 h postdose
				212 for fed subjects	Fed meal with 17-g fat
Annerberg et al. (29)	30	Healthy Thai	58 mg/kg	236b for subjects who fasted	Fasted overnight plus 2 h postdose
				256b for fed subjects	Fed 200 ml milk and 6.4 g fat
This study	47	Healthy Cambodians	2,880 mg over 2 days	1,183 at 4 h	Within 3 h of fatty meal
				1,750 at 28 h

^aC_max 2 h after the first dose.

^bMedian C_max.

^cPeak concentration reported to be 8 h by population pharmacokinetic (PK) model. No other data provided; unclear if subjects were fed or fasted.

^dThe first value refers to the mean C_max for the fasting group, and the second value refers to the mean C_max for the fed group.