Male C57BL/6NCr wild-type mice at 8–12 weeks of age were treated with choline-deficient diet (CD, designated as CD+) or control diet (MCS, designated as CD−) for two weeks and randomly divided into fasting or non-fasting group (n = 5/group). Mice in one group were fasted for 36 hours before killing (fasting+) and mice in the other group were continuously fed CD or MCS (fasting−). Serum and liver were harvested.
(A) Body weight (BW) change. Values were expressed as the percentage relative to BW at 36 hours before killing.
(B–E) Serum levels of glucose (B), FGF21 (C), oleic and linoleic acids (D), and ALT (E). Serum oleic and linoleic acid levels were normalized to those of non-fasted MCS-treated mice and were expressed as relative abundance.
(F) Representative liver histology. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, Bar = 100 μm. Arrows indicate focal inflammation.
Statistical analysis was performed using the Student’s t-test. #P<0.05, ##P<0.01, ###P<0.001 vs. non-fasted MCS-treated mice; *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 vs. non-fasted CD-treated mice; NS, not significant.