Proposed model for global response mechanisms of B. longum BBMN68 to bile stress. The induced and repressed gene expression changes are represented by red and blue fonts or backgrounds, respectively. Abbreviations: HLP, hemolysin-like protein; CFA, cyclopropane fatty acid; BSH, bile salt hydrolase; HK, histidine kinase; RR, response regulator; TCS, two-component system; ECF σ, extracytoplasmic function sigma factor; BCAA, branched-chain amino acid; GlkA, glucokinase; Zwf, glucose-6-phosphate-1-dehydrogenase; MagB, 6-phosphogluconolactonase; Gnd, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase; Rpe, ribulose-phosphate-3-epimerase; XylA, xylose isomerase; XylB, xylulokinase; Xfp, xylulose-5-phosphate/fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase; AckA, acetate kinase; GapA, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Pgk, 3-phosphoglycerate kinase; PhoE, phosphoglycerate mutase; GpmA, 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase; PykF, pyruvate kinase; Ldh, lactate dehydrogenase; G-3-P, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate; GA-3-P, glycerate-3-phosphate; PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate; EFTu, elongation factor Tu; EFTs, elongation factor Ts; TFs, transcription factors.