Table 2.
Trends in prevalence of low risk profile and its components by body mass index (BMI) categories*
| 1993 | 1997 | 2000 | 2004 | 2006 | 2009 | Δ † | P for trend ‡ | P § | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | The simultaneous presence of 4 health metrics‖ (%) | |||||||||
| BMI < 25 kg/m2 | 18.2 | 16.9 | 17.3 | 15.0 | 17.1 | 15.2 | -3.0 | <0.0001 | 0.0044 | |
| BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2 | 6.8 | 4.1 | 8.2 | 5.0 | 5.8 | 4.4 | -2.4 | 0.0427 | ||
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 11.8 | 11.1 | 2.3 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 0.1 | -11.7 | <0.0001 | ||
| Not currently smoking (%) | ||||||||||
| BMI < 25 kg/m2 | 37.8 | 40.8 | 42.6 | 42.9 | 44.4 | 42.7 | 4.9 | 0.0002 | 0.1098 | |
| BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2 | 41.6 | 47.3 | 50.5 | 51.0 | 53.4 | 53.3 | 11.7 | <0.0001 | ||
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 50.8 | 55.1 | 47.3 | 53.4 | 55.9 | 49.7 | -1.1 | 0.1338 | ||
| Waist circumference < 90 cm (%) | ||||||||||
| BMI < 25 kg/m2 | 95.6 | 95.4 | 92.2 | 89.9 | 91.1 | 89.6 | -6.0 | <0.0001 | 0.0009 | |
| BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2 | 58.1 | 39.9 | 43.9 | 42.5 | 38.5 | 32.4 | -25.7 | <0.0001 | ||
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 64.0 | 48.4 | 17.3 | 26.0 | 19.3 | 3.7 | -60.3 | <0.0001 | ||
| Untreated systolic/diastolic blood pressure <120/80 mmHg (%) | ||||||||||
| BMI < 25 kg/m2 | 50.0 | 42.7 | 41.0 | 37.6 | 39.5 | 38.0 | -12.0 | <0.0001 | 0.0391 | |
| BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2 | 29.0 | 19.5 | 25.7 | 17.1 | 21.6 | 17.9 | -11.1 | <0.0001 | ||
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 42.6 | 22.9 | 14.1 | 13.1 | 12.5 | 9.2 | -33.4 | <0.0001 | ||
| Not having been previously diagnosed with diabetes (%) | ||||||||||
| BMI < 25 kg/m2 | 100.0 | 97.0 | 93.5 | 99.0 | 98.6 | 98.7 | -1.3 | <0.0001 | < 0.001 | |
| BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2 | 99.2 | 96.6 | 93.7 | 97.9 | 98.0 | 96.4 | -2.8 | <0.0001 | ||
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 99.9 | 98.5 | 93.0 | 92.8 | 98.0 | 91.6 | -8.3 | 0.0002 | ||
| Women | The simultaneous presence of 4 health metrics‖ (%) | |||||||||
| BMI < 25 kg/m2 | 53.5 | 46.6 | 47.0 | 42.9 | 44.6 | 42.6 | -10.9 | <0.0001 | 0.0013 | |
| BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2 | 15.6 | 15.1 | 10.6 | 10.0 | 9.7 | 9.1 | -5.9 | <0.0001 | ||
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 21.4 | 10.7 | 11.0 | 16.3 | 5.8 | 0.3 | -21.1 | <0.0001 | ||
| Not currently smoking (%) | ||||||||||
| BMI < 25 kg/m2 | 95.8 | 95.7 | 96.1 | 96.9 | 97.7 | 97.7 | 1.9 | 0.0021 | 0.9113 | |
| BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2 | 96.4 | 95.5 | 95.2 | 96.9 | 97.7 | 97.8 | 1.4 | 0.0168 | ||
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 89.8 | 92.7 | 96.3 | 96.2 | 88.7 | 82.2 | -7.6 | 0.4429 | ||
| Waist circumference < 80 cm (%) | ||||||||||
| BMI < 25 kg/m2 | 80.7 | 80.2 | 76.2 | 74.0 | 72.6 | 69.1 | -11.6 | <0.0001 | 0.0035 | |
| BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2 | 27.5 | 25.5 | 23.8 | 15.4 | 16.3 | 14.1 | -13.4 | <0.0001 | ||
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 35.2 | 16.0 | 27.5 | 20.7 | 20.0 | 0.7 | -34.5 | <0.0001 | ||
| Untreated systolic/diastolic blood pressure <120/80 mmHg (%) | ||||||||||
| BMI < 25 kg/m2 | 63.3 | 55.7 | 58.0 | 54.8 | 56.4 | 54.6 | -8.7 | <0.0001 | 0.0029 | |
| BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2 | 45.9 | 40.1 | 36.7 | 41.9 | 37.6 | 37.9 | -8.0 | <0.0001 | ||
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 36.9 | 30.2 | 31.3 | 49.7 | 18.3 | 15.1 | -21.8 | 0.0002 | ||
| Not having been previously diagnosed with diabetes (%) | ||||||||||
| BMI < 25 kg/m2 | 100.0 | 96.7 | 95.7 | 98.9 | 98.9 | 98.7 | -1.3 | <0.0001 | < 0.001 | |
| BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2 | 99.4 | 96.2 | 94.3 | 98.2 | 98.2 | 98.0 | -1.4 | <0.0001 | ||
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 95.8 | 89.1 | 93.8 | 97.2 | 92.3 | 79.7 | -16.1 | <0.0001 | ||
*Estimates are weighted to be representative of the Chinese population aged 18 to 118 years.
†The sixth survey-the first survey (2009–1993);
‡Trends in prevalence of low risk factor profile and its components from 1993 to 2009 were assessed by Cochran–Armitage trend testing;
§P for survey * BMI interaction terms comparing the first and sixth surveys;
‖The simultaneous presence of not currently smoking, WC < 90/80 cm, untreated systolic/diastolic BP < 120/80 mmHg, and not having been previously diagnosed with diabetes.